---
name: azure-storage-file-share-ts
description: |
Azure File Share JavaScript/TypeScript SDK (@azure/storage-file-share) for SMB file share operations. Use for creating shares, managing directories, uploading/downloading files, and handling file metadata. Supports Azure Files SMB protocol scenarios. Triggers: "file share", "@azure/storage-file-share", "ShareServiceClient", "ShareClient", "SMB", "Azure Files".
license: MIT
metadata:
author: Microsoft
version: "1.0.0"
package: '@azure/storage-file-share'
---
# @azure/storage-file-share (TypeScript/JavaScript)
SDK for Azure File Share operations — SMB file shares, directories, and file operations.
## Installation
```bash
npm install @azure/storage-file-share @azure/identity
```
**Current Version**: 12.x
**Node.js**: >= 18.0.0
## Environment Variables
```bash
AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_NAME=<account-name>
AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_KEY=<account-key>
# OR connection string
AZURE_STORAGE_CONNECTION_STRING=DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=...
AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS=prod # Required only if DefaultAzureCredential is used in production
```
## Authentication
### Connection String (Simplest)
```typescript
import { ShareServiceClient } from "@azure/storage-file-share";
const client = ShareServiceClient.fromConnectionString(
process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_CONNECTION_STRING!
);
```
### StorageSharedKeyCredential (Node.js only)
```typescript
import { ShareServiceClient, StorageSharedKeyCredential } from "@azure/storage-file-share";
const accountName = process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_NAME!;
const accountKey = process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_KEY!;
const sharedKeyCredential = new StorageSharedKeyCredential(accountName, accountKey);
const client = new ShareServiceClient(
`https://${accountName}.file.core.windows.net`,
sharedKeyCredential
);
```
### Microsoft Entra Token Credential
```typescript
import { ShareServiceClient } from "@azure/storage-file-share";
import { DefaultAzureCredential, ManagedIdentityCredential } from "@azure/identity";
// Local dev: DefaultAzureCredential. Production: set AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS=prod or AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS=<specific_credential>
const credential = new DefaultAzureCredential({requiredEnvVars: ["AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS"]});
// Or use a specific credential directly in production:
// See https://learn.microsoft.com/javascript/api/overview/azure/identity-readme?view=azure-node-latest#credential-classes
// const credential = new ManagedIdentityCredential();
const accountName = process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_NAME!;
const client = new ShareServiceClient(
`https://${accountName}.file.core.windows.net`,
credential
);
```
### SAS Token
```typescript
import { ShareServiceClient } from "@azure/storage-file-share";
const accountName = process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_NAME!;
const sasToken = process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_SAS_TOKEN!;
const client = new ShareServiceClient(
`https://${accountName}.file.core.windows.net${sasToken}`
);
```
## Client Hierarchy
```
ShareServiceClient (account level)
└── ShareClient (share level)
└── ShareDirectoryClient (directory level)
└── ShareFileClient (file level)
```
## Share Operations
### Create Share
```typescript
const shareClient = client.getShareClient("my-share");
await shareClient.create();
// Create with quota (in GB)
await shareClient.create({ quota: 100 });
```
### List Shares
```typescript
for await (const share of client.listShares()) {
console.log(share.name, share.properties.quota);
}
// With prefix filter
for await (const share of client.listShares({ prefix: "logs-" })) {
console.log(share.name);
}
```
### Delete Share
```typescript
await shareClient.delete();
// Delete if exists
await shareClient.deleteIfExists();
```
### Get Share Properties
```typescript
const properties = await shareClient.getProperties();
console.log("Quota:", properties.quota, "GB");
console.log("Last Modified:", properties.lastModified);
```
### Set Share Quota
```typescript
await shareClient.setQuota(200); // 200 GB
```
## Directory Operations
### Create Directory
```typescript
const directoryClient = shareClient.getDirectoryClient("my-directory");
await directoryClient.create();
// Create nested directory
const nestedDir = shareClient.getDirectoryClient("parent/child/grandchild");
await nestedDir.create();
```
### List Directories and Files
```typescript
const directoryClient = shareClient.getDirectoryClient("my-directory");
for await (const item of directoryClient.listFilesAndDirectories()) {
if (item.kind === "directory") {
console.log(`[DIR] ${item.name}`);
} else {
console.log(`[FILE] ${item.name} (${item.properties.contentLength} bytes)`);
}
}
```
### Delete Directory
```typescript
await directoryClient.delete();
// Delete if exists
await directoryClient.deleteIfExists();
```
### Check if Directory Exists
```typescript
const exists = await directoryClient.exists();
if (!exists) {
await directoryClient.create();
}
```
## File Operations
### Upload File (Simple)
```typescript
const fileClient = shareClient
.getDirectoryClient("my-directory")
.getFileClient("my-file.txt");
// Upload string
const content = "Hello, World!";
await fileClient.create(content.length);
await fileClient.uploadRange(content, 0, content.length);
```
### Upload File (Node.js - from local file)
```typescript
import * as fs from "fs";
import * as path from "path";
const fileClient = shareClient.rootDirectoryClient.getFileClient("uploaded.txt");
const localFilePath = "/path/to/local/file.txt";
const fileSize = fs.statSync(localFilePath).size;
await fileClient.create(fileSize);
await fileClient.uploadFile(localFilePath);
```
### Upload File (Buffer)
```typescript
const buffer = Buffer.from("Hello, Azure Files!");
const fileClient = shareClient.rootDirectoryClient.getFileClient("buffer-file.txt");
await fileClient.create(buffer.length);
await fileClient.uploadRange(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
```
### Upload File (Stream)
```typescript
import * as fs from "fs";
const fileClient = shareClient.rootDirectoryClient.getFileClient("streamed.txt");
const readStream = fs.createReadStream("/path/to/local/file.txt");
const fileSize = fs.statSync("/path/to/local/file.txt").size;
await fileClient.create(fileSize);
await fileClient.uploadStream(readStream, fileSize, 4 * 1024 * 1024, 4); // 4MB buffer, 4 concurrency
```
### Download File
```typescript
const fileClient = shareClient
.getDirectoryClient("my-directory")
.getFileClient("my-file.txt");
const downloadResponse = await fileClient.download();
// Read as string
const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
for await (const chunk of downloadResponse.readableStreamBody!) {
chunks.push(Buffer.from(chunk));
}
const content = Buffer.concat(chunks).toString("utf-8");
```
### Download to File (Node.js)
```typescript
const fileClient = shareClient.rootDirectoryClient.getFileClient("my-file.txt");
await fileClient.downloadToFile("/path/to/local/destination.txt");
```
### Download to Buffer (Node.js)
```typescript
const fileClient = shareClient.rootDirectoryClient.getFileClient("my-file.txt");
const buffer = await fileClient.downloadToBuffer();
console.log(buffer.toString());
```
### Delete File
```typescript
const fileClient = shareClient.rootDirectoryClient.getFileClient("my-file.txt");
await fileClient.delete();
// Delete if exists
await fileClient.deleteIfExists();
```
### Copy File
```typescript
const sourceUrl = "https://account.file.core.windows.net/share/source.txt";
const destFileClient = shareClient.rootDirectoryClient.getFileClient("destination.txt");
// Start copy operation
const copyPoller = await destFileClient.startCopyFromURL(sourceUrl);
await copyPoller.pollUntilDone();
```
## File Properties & Metadata
### Get File Properties
```typescript
const fileClient = shareClient.rootDirectoryClient.getFileClient("my-file.txt");
const properties = await fileClient.getProperties();
console.log("Content-Length:", properties.contentLength);
console.log("Content-Type:", properties.contentType);
console.log("Last Modified:", properties.lastModified);
console.log("ETag:", properties.etag);
```
### Set Metadata
```typescript
await fileClient.setMetadata({
author: "John Doe",
category: "documents",
});
```
### Set HTTP Headers
```typescript
await fileClient.setHttpHeaders({
fileContentType: "text/plain",
fileCacheControl: "max-age=3600",
fileContentDisposition: "attachment; filename=download.txt",
});
```
## Range Operations
### Upload Range
```typescript
const data = Buffer.from("partial content");
await fileClient.uploadRange(data, 100, data.length); // Write at offset 100
```
### Download Range
```typescript
const downloadResponse = await fileClient.download(100, 50); // offset 100, length 50
```
### Clear Range
```typescript
await fileClient.clearRange(0, 100); // Clear first 100 bytes
```
## Snapshot Operations
### Create Snapshot
```typescript
const snapshotResponse = await shareClient.createSnapshot();
console.log("Snapshot:", snapshotResponse.snapshot);
```
### Access Snapshot
```typescript
const snapshotShareClient = shareClient.withSnapshot(snapshotResponse.snapshot!);
const snapshotFileClient = snapshotShareClient.rootDirectoryClient.getFileClient("file.txt");
const content = await snapshotFileClient.downloadToBuffer();
```
### Delete Snapshot
```typescript
await shareClient.delete({ deleteSnapshots: "include" });
```
## SAS Token Generation (Node.js only)
### Generate File SAS
```typescript
import {
generateFileSASQueryParameters,
FileSASPermissions,
StorageSharedKeyCredential,
} from "@azure/storage-file-share";
const sharedKeyCredential = new StorageSharedKeyCredential(accountName, accountKey);
const sasToken = generateFileSASQueryParameters(
{
shareName: "my-share",
filePath: "my-directory/my-file.txt",
permissions: FileSASPermissions.parse("r"), // read only
expiresOn: new Date(Date.now() + 3600 * 1000), // 1 hour
},
sharedKeyCredential
).toString();
const sasUrl = `https://${accountName}.file.core.windows.net/my-share/my-directory/my-file.txt?${sasToken}`;
```
### Generate Share SAS
```typescript
import { ShareSASPermissions, generateFileSASQueryParameters } from "@azure/storage-file-share";
const sasToken = generateFileSASQueryParameters(
{
shareName: "my-share",
permissions: ShareSASPermissions.parse("rcwdl"), // read, create, write, delete, list
expiresOn: new Date(Date.now() + 24 * 3600 * 1000), // 24 hours
},
sharedKeyCredential
).toString();
```
## Error Handling
```typescript
import { RestError } from "@azure/storage-file-share";
try {
await shareClient.create();
} catch (error) {
if (error instanceof RestError) {
switch (error.statusCode) {
case 404:
console.log("Share not found");
break;
case 409:
console.log("Share already exists");
break;
case 403:
console.log("Access denied");
break;
default:
console.error(`Storage error ${error.statusCode}: ${error.message}`);
}
}
throw error;
}
```
## TypeScript Types Reference
```typescript
import {
// Clients
ShareServiceClient,
ShareClient,
ShareDirectoryClient,
ShareFileClient,
// Authentication
StorageSharedKeyCredential,
AnonymousCredential,
// SAS
FileSASPermissions,
ShareSASPermissions,
AccountSASPermissions,
AccountSASServices,
AccountSASResourceTypes,
generateFileSASQueryParameters,
generateAccountSASQueryParameters,
// Options & Responses
ShareCreateResponse,
FileDownloadResponseModel,
DirectoryItem,
FileItem,
ShareProperties,
FileProperties,
// Errors
RestError,
} from "@azure/storage-file-share";
```
## Best Practices
1. **Use connection strings for simplicity** — Easiest setup for development
2. **Use `DefaultAzureCredential` for local development; use `ManagedIdentityCredential` or `WorkloadIdentityCredential` for production**
3. **Set quotas on shares** — Prevent unexpected storage costs
4. **Use streaming for large files** — `uploadStream`/`downloadToFile` for files > 256MB
5. **Use ranges for partial updates** — More efficient than full file replacement
6. **Create snapshots before major changes** — Point-in-time recovery
7. **Handle errors gracefully** — Check `RestError.statusCode` for specific handling
8. **Use `*IfExists` methods** — For idempotent operations
## Platform Differences
| Feature | Node.js | Browser |
|---------|---------|---------|
| `StorageSharedKeyCredential` | ✅ | ❌ |
| `uploadFile()` | ✅ | ❌ |
| `uploadStream()` | ✅ | ❌ |
| `downloadToFile()` | ✅ | ❌ |
| `downloadToBuffer()` | ✅ | ❌ |
| SAS generation | ✅ | ❌ |
| DefaultAzureCredential | ✅ | ❌ |
| Anonymous/SAS access | ✅ | ✅ |